Pedunculopontine arousal system physiology – Deep brain stimulation (DBS)
نویسندگان
چکیده
This review describes the wake/sleep symptoms present in Parkinson׳s disease, and the role of the pedunculopontine nucleus in these symptoms. The physiology of PPN cells is important not only because it is a major element of the reticular activating system, but also because it is a novel target for deep brain stimulation in the treatment of gait and postural deficits in Parkinson׳s disease. A greater understanding of the physiology of the target nuclei within the brainstem and basal ganglia, amassed over the past decades, has enabled increasingly better patient outcomes from deep brain stimulation for movement disorders.
منابع مشابه
Pedunculopontine nucleus: functional organization and clinical implications.
The pedunculopontine tegmental nucleus (PPN) is a neurochemically and functionally heterogeneous structure that occupies a strategic position in the dorsal tegmentum of the midbrain and upper pons. The PPN contains cholinergic, γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA)ergic, and glutamatergic neurons; it receives direct input from the cerebral cortex, is reciprocally connected with the basal ganglia, and prov...
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